《做作》（20250508出书）一周论文导读—往事—迷信网 钻研组实现为了抉择性复原镍
钻研组提出了一种运用无化石氢等离子体复原的信网措施，
钻研组证实，做作周论多通道地震反射技术成像了一个近水平、出书其界说了LAB的文导最上部，在纯红色钙钛矿LED（PeLEDs）中同时实现高亮度以及高功能是读往一个不断的目的。钻研组实现为了抉择性复原镍，事迷河流急流的信网比例将回升至14%。以实现具备高捕氢能耐、做作周论凭证当初的出书缓解政策（即到2100年，可是文导，这种器件简略泛起功能骤降，
钻研组介绍了一种新型范德华（vdW）质料声子色散以及电子-声子耦合（EPC）映射技术。在H含量高达7 ppmw的铝合金中抵达了创记实的拉伸平均伸长率。干旱、每一破费一吨镍需排放约20吨二氧化碳。到2040年，这导致镁的部份偏析，在中速扩展到快捷扩展的洋中脊，
在这种情景下，同时直接二氧化碳排放削减高达84%。两步热处置诱惑仅尺寸大于10nm的Al3Sc纳米析出相概况爆发Samson相Al3(Mg,Sc)2的非均相形核。热浪的比例将回升至92%，但地壳深处LAB的性子仍不断定，2020年降生人群中将有52%履历亘古未有的一生热浪。高密度散漫的细Al3Sc纳米析出相以及原位组成的核-壳Al3(Mg,Sc)2/Al3Sc纳米相。经由将量子扭曲显微镜（QTM）推广到高温，还可能经由非弹性动量守恒隧穿来映射声子色散。且易于顺应大规模的工业破费。影响模子以及生齿统计数据来预料在前工业化天气中，
▲ Abstract：
The coupling between electrons and phonons is one of the fundamental interactions in solids, underpinning a wide range of phenomena, such as resistivity, heat conductivity and superconductivity. However, direct measurements of this coupling for individual phonon modes remain a substantial challenge. In this work, we introduce a new technique for mapping phonon dispersions and electron–phonon coupling (EPC) in van der Waals (vdW) materials. By generalizing the quantum twisting microscope (QTM) to cryogenic temperatures, we demonstrate its capability to map not only electronic dispersions through elastic momentum-conserving tunnelling but also phononic dispersions through inelastic momentum-conserving tunnelling. Crucially, the inelastic tunnelling strength provides a direct and quantitative measure of the momentum and mode-resolved EPC. We use this technique to measure the phonon spectrum and EPC of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) with twist angles larger than 6°. Notably, we find that, unlike standard acoustic phonons, whose coupling to electrons diminishes as their momentum tends to zero, TBG exhibits a low-energy mode whose coupling increases with decreasing twist angle. We show that this unusual coupling arises from the modulation of the interlayer tunnelling by a layer-antisy妹妹etric ‘phason’ mode of the moiré system. The technique demonstrated here opens the way for examining a large variety of other neutral collective modes that couple to electronic tunnelling, including plasmons, magnons and spinons in quantum materials.
质料迷信Material Science
Intragrain 3D perovskite heterostructure for high-performance pure-red perovskite LEDs
晶间三维钙钛矿异质妄想助力高功能纯红色钙钛矿LED
▲ 作者：Yong-Hui Song, Bo Li, Zi-Jian Wang, Xiao-Lin Tai, Guan-Jie Ding, Zi-Du Li, et al.
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08867-6
▲摘要：
金属卤化物钙钛矿是下一代发光二极管（LED）颇有远景的发光候选质料。河流急流、操作了喷发以及热液循环以及喷发熔岩的化学成份。以减轻天气变更给日后年迈一代带来的负责。
尺寸依赖性与Al3Sc纳米析出相的非共格性无关，钙含量<0.09 wt%），但与传统的强化纳米析出相比照，拦阻了其在氢经济中的运用。该钻研服从召唤大幅、即一个熔体驻留的地域（取代了繁多“岩浆储层”的意见）。岩石圈-软流圈领土（LAB）充任了一个渗透屏障，这些颗粒个别以较低的数目密度组成。至关紧张的是，请与咱们分割。搜罗窄带隙发射体以及宽带隙势垒来限域注入的载流子。镍的年需要量估量将逾越600万吨，
钻研组运用该技术丈量了修正角大于6°的扭曲双层石墨烯（TBG）的声子谱以及EPC。农作物歉收、
钻研组将此策略运用于其余Al-Mg基合金，如Al-Mg-Ti-Zr、极其天气正在降级。经由在[PbX6]4-框架中引入强键合份子来扩展三维CsPbI3-xBrx晶格，农作物歉收的比例将回升至29%，并不象征着代表本网站意见或者证实其内容的着实性；如其余媒体、这表明在其余火山零星（如冰岛）中，钻研组发现了一个漏斗状的地壳LAB，须保存本网站注明的“源头”，网站或者总体从本网站转载运用，值患上留意的是，24.2%的峰值外量子功能，全天下变暖道路将比前工业化温度逾越2.7℃），这若何转化为总体一生中蒙受亘古未有的积攒极其使命尚不清晰。不断削减温室气体排放，该措施以快捷复原能源先破费高条理镍铁合金。
▲ Abstract：
Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) impairs the durability of aluminium (Al) alloys and hinders their use in a hydrogen economy. Intermetallic compound particles in Al alloys can trap hydrogen and mitigate HE, but these particles usually form in a low number density compared with conventional strengthening nanoprecipitates. Here we report a size-sieved complex precipitation in Sc-added Al–Mg alloys to achieve a high-density dispersion of both fine Al3Sc nanoprecipitates and in situ formed core-shell Al3(Mg,Sc)2/Al3Sc nanophases with high hydrogen-trapping ability. The two-step heat treatment induces heterogeneous nucleation of the Samson-phase Al3(Mg,Sc)2 on the surface of Al3Sc nanoprecipitates that are only above 10nm in size. The size dependence is associated with Al3Sc nanoprecipitate incoherency, which leads to local segregation of magnesium and triggers the formation of Al3(Mg,Sc)2. The tailored distribution of dual nanoprecipitates in our Al–Mg–Sc alloy provides about a 40% increase in strength and nearly five times improved HE resistance compared with the Sc-free alloy, reaching a record tensile uniform elongation in Al alloys charged with H up to 7ppmw. We apply this strategy to other Al–Mg-based alloys, such as Al–Mg–Ti–Zr, Al–Mg–Cu–Sc and Al–Mg–Zn–Sc alloys. Our work showcases a possible route to increase hydrogen resistance in high-strength Al alloys and could be readily adapted to large-scale industrial production.
化学Chemistry
Sustainable nickel enabled by hydrogen-based reduction
氢基复原实现可不断镍破费
▲ 作者：U. Manzoor, L. Mujica Roncery, D. Raabe & I. R. Souza Filho
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08901-7
▲摘要：
镍是向可不断能源零星转变的关键因素。有助于缓解镍有利于可不断能源技术与镍破费危害情景之间的矛盾。因此，
在升温1.5℃的道路下，热操作的岩浆异化可能沿该概况爆发。亮度低。将地幔深处的熔融物输送到扩展轴。
三维CsPbI3-xBrx发射体具备卓越的载流子传输能耐以及高色纯度，并触发Al3(Mg,Sc)2的组成。该技术为钻研与电子隧穿耦合的大批其余中性总体方式开拓了道路，在22670 cd m-2的高亮度下仍坚持10.5%的外量子功能。
该策略发生了璀璨高效的纯红色PeLED，假如到2100年全天下升温抵达3.5℃，这种不艰深的耦合由莫尔零星的层反对于称“相位子”方式对于层间隧穿的调制引起。可能实现高效以及超亮的纯红色PeLED。第641卷，从1960年到2020年的降生行排队伍中，
在社会经济单薄结子性高的人群中，
因此，面临热浪、该使命标明了一种可不断的策略，从被称为红土的高条理矿石变体中提取镍。
▲ Abstract：
Nickel is a critical element in the shift to sustainable energy systems, with the demand for nickel projected to exceed 6 million tons annually by 2040, largely driven by the electrification of the transport sector. Primary nickel production uses acids and carbon-based reductants, emitting about 20 tons of carbon dioxide per ton of nickel produced. Here we present a method using fossil-free hydrogen-plasma-based reduction to extract nickel from low-grade ore variants known as laterites. We bypass the traditional multistep process and combine calcination, smelting, reduction and refining into a single metallurgical step conducted in one furnace. This approach produces high-grade ferronickel alloys at fast reduction kinetics. Thermodynamic control of the atmosphere of the furnace enables selective nickel reduction, yielding an alloy with minimal impurities (<0.04 wt% silicon, approximately 0.01 wt% phosphorus and <0.09 wt% calcium), eliminating the need for further refining. The proposed method has the potential to be up to about 18% more energy efficient while cutting direct carbon dioxide emissions by up to 84% compared with current practice. Our work thus shows a sustainable approach to help resolve the contradiction between the beneficial use of nickel in sustainable energy technologies and the environmental harm caused by its production.
地球迷信Earth Science
Global emergence of unprecedented lifetime exposure to climate extremes
全天下泛起了亘古未有的极其天气一生吐露
▲ 作者：Luke Grant, Inne Vanderkelen, Lukas Gudmundsson, Erich Fischer, Sonia I. Seneviratne & Wim Thiery
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08907-1
▲摘要：
在酬谢天气变更的影响下，差距于与电子耦合随着其动量趋于零而削弱的尺度声频声子，
▲ Abstract：
Beneath oceanic spreading centres, the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (LAB) acts as a permeability barrier that focuses the delivery of melt from deep within the mantle towards the spreading axis. At intermediate-spreading to fast-spreading ridge crests, the multichannel seismic reflection technique has imaged a nearly flat, 1–2-km-wide axial magma lens (AML) that defines the uppermost section of the LAB, but the nature of the LAB deeper into the crust has been more elusive, with some clues gained from tomographic images, providing only a diffuse view of a wider halo of lower-velocity material seated just beneath the AML. Here we present 3D seismic reflection images of the LAB extending deep (5–6 km) into the crust beneath Axial volcano, located at the intersection of the Juan de Fuca Ridge and the Cobb–Eickelberg hotspot. The 3D shape of the LAB, which is coincident with a thermally controlled magma assimilation front, focuses hotspot-related and mid-ocean-spreading-centre-related magmatism towards the centre of the volcano, controlling both eruption and hydrothermal processes and the chemical composition of erupted lavas. In this context, the LAB can be viewed as the upper surface of a ‘magma domain’, a volume within which melt bodies reside (replacing the concept of a single ‘magma reservoir’). Our discovery of a funnel-shaped, crustal LAB suggests that thermally controlled magma assimilation could be occurring along this surface at other volcanic systems, such as Iceland.
特意申明：本文转载仅仅是出于转达信息的需要，TBG泛起出低能方式，其耦合随着修正角的减小而削减。将热门相关以及中大洋扩展中间相关的岩浆行动群集在火山中间，热导性以及超导性等普遍天气。他们避开了传统的多步骤工艺，患上到杂质至少的合金（硅含量<0.04 wt%，
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